The Vital Roles of Parent Material in Driving Soil Substrates and Heavy Metals Availability in Arid Alkaline Regions: A Case Study from Egypt

Despite studies focusing on soil substrates (carbon and nitrogen) heavy metal availability, the impact of diversified parent materials in arid alkaline regions has received little attention. To reveal influence material, we investigated four different materials: fluvio-marine, Nile alluvial, lacustrine, aeolian deposits. We assessed effect through selected physical chemical properties, such as clay content, bulk density, pH, available phosphorus (AP). The Tukey HSD test (SPSS ver. 23) was used to assess soils derived from these sediments. Using R “glmulti” package, examined this a model mixed-effects meta-regression. sum Akaike weights for models that contained each element estimate importance factor. average contents organic carbon (SOC) total N alluvial deposits were greater (p < 0.001) than those marine, aeolian, lacustrine A multivariate analysis revealed availability P had greatest effects SOC concentration, whereas P, density nitrogen. content Fe deposits, without any significant differences between latter two found highest zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) recorded with other Soil material major factor impacting iron (Fe) along pH. However, most important controlling Zn Mn contents, while drove Cu content. This study will help developing more accurate dynamics metals by considering readily variables, materials,